References

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Notes

• The references for all ultrasonic-resonator pages are centrally located here. All references are ordered alphabetically by the surname of the first listed author; if no author is listed, then by the title of the publication.
• Relevant page numbers are given in the calling citation. Any referenced page numbers should correspond to the original manuscript. In a few cases, however, these page numbers may have been taken inadvertently from the associated pdf.
• References that are available without restricted access are available directly from this site as pdf files. Otherwise, the user must obtain these on his own.
• Links to external web pages that open in a new tab or window are displayed as link.

Books, theses, dissertations

• Abramowitz, Milton; Stegun, Irene S., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Ninth edition, Dover Publications, New York, NY, 1972, ISBN 0–486–61272–4
• Al-Sarraf, Zaiad (1), A Study of Ultrasonic Metal Welding (pdf), PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013
• Arthington, M. R., Photogrammetric techniques for characterisation of anisotropic mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V (pdf, 46 MB), thesis for degree of D.Phil. in Engineering Science, Christ Church, University of Oxford, Trinity Term 2010
• ASM Handbook, Volume 2 - Properties and Selection - Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073, second printing, 1992
• Berger, Harvey L., (1) Ultrasonic Liquid Atomization - Theory and Application, Partridge Hill Publishers, Hyde Park, NY, 1998, ISBN 0–9637801–2–3
• Blevins, Robert D. (1), Formulas for Natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, 1995, ISBN 0–89464–894–2
• Bloss, Matthew (1), Ultrasonic Metal Welding: The Weldability of Stainless Steel, Titanium and Nickel-Based Super Alloys (pdf), Masters thesis, Ohio State University, 2008
• Boyer, Howard E. (editor), Atlas of Fatigue Curves, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 44073, ISBN 0–87170–214–2
• Brennen, Christopher E. (1), Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics (pdf), Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1995, ISBN 0–87170–214–2
• Brown, Stanley A.; Lemons, Jack E. (1) (editors), Medical Applications of Titanium and Its Alloys: The Material and Biological Issues, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 1996, ISBN 0–8031–2010–9
• Bryson, William E. (1), Heat Treatment, Selection, and Application of Tool Steels (2nd Edition), USA and Canada — Hanser Publications, 6915 Valley Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45244-3029 (www.hanserpublications.com); elsewhere — Carl Hanser Verlag, Postfach 86 04 20, 81631 München, Germany (www.hanser.de), ISBN 1–56990–376–X
• Burlington, Richard Stevens (editor), Handbook of Mathematical Tables and Formulas, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1965, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 63‑23531
• Cady, Walter Guyton, Piezoelectricity - An Introduction to the Theory and Applications of Electromechanical Phenomena in Crystals (First Edition) (pdf, 43 MB), McGraw‑Hill Book Company, New York, 1946 (downloaded from https://archive.org/details/piezoelectricity031514mbp)
• Campbell, Flake C. (editor), Elements of Metallurgy and Engineering Alloys, Chapter 14 - Fatigue, ASM International, 2008, ISBN 1615030581, 9781615030583
• Cardoni, Andrea (1), Characterising the dynamic response of ultrasonic cutting devices (pdf), thesis to obtain the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Glasgow, Scotland, 2003
• de Vries, Edgar (1), Mechanics and Mechanisms of Ultrasonic Metal Welding (pdf), PhD dissertation, The Ohio State University, USA, 2004
• Derks, Pierre (1), The design of ultrasonic resonators with wide output cross-sections (pdf), thesis to obtain the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences at the Technical University of Eindhoven, Netherlands, 1984
• Donachie, Matthew J., Jr., Titanium; A Technical Guide, ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073, 1988, ISBN 0–87170–309–2
• Dukane IAS (2), Guide to Ultrasonic Plastics Assembly, Part No. 403-536-02, St. Charles, IL 60174
• Eskin, G. I. (1), Ultrasonic Treatment of Light Alloy Melts, All-Russia Institute of Light Alloys, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ISBN 90-5699-042-X
• Frost, N. E.; Marsh, K. J.; Pook, L. P., Metal Fatigue, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1974
• Floyd, Dennis R.; Lowe, John N., Beryllium Science and Technology (Volume 2), Plenum Press, New York, 1979
• Graham, James A. (editor), Fatigue Design Handbook, Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA., 1968, ISBN 0–89883–004–4
• Garcia, Ramon (1), Comprehensive Cavitation Damage for Water and Various Liquid Metals (pdf, 34 MB), PhD dissertation, Nuclear Engineering, University of Michigan, USA
• Hampton, Christopher (1), Failure Analysis of a 30kHz Ultrasonic Welding Transducer (pdf), thesis — Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2010
• Hatch, John E. (1), Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073, 1984, ISBN 0871701766
• Heywood, R. B., Designing Against Fatigue of Metals, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1962
• Juvinall, Robert C., Stress, Strain, and Strength, McGraw–Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1967, ISBN 07–033180–4
• Kinsler, Lawrence E.; Frey, Austin R.; Coppens, Alan B.; Sanders, James V., Fundamentals of Acoustics, Third edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1982, ISBN 0–471–02933–5
• Knapp, Robert; Daily, James; Hammitt, Frederick (1), Cavitation, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 77-96428
• Kumar, Vinoo (1) "Understanding Ultrasonic Plastics Assembly" (pdf), Nevik Ultrasonics, 2011
• Krautkramer, Josef; Krautkramer, Herbert, Ultrasonic Testing of Materials, Fourth Edition, Springer–Verlag, New York, NY, 1990, ISBN 3–540–51231–4 or 0–387–51231–4
• Lee, Seungjae (1), Process and Quality Characterization for Ultrasonic Welding Of Lithium Ion Batteries (pdf), PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, USA, 2013
• Light, Kendrick (1) "Development of a Cavitation Erosion Resistant Advanced Material System" (pdf), thesis — Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5711, 2005
• López, Marc Miralda; Paez, Patricia Lorenzo (1), Fatigue Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloys IT180 and D176 (pdf), Master's thesis, Lund University, Sweden, 2011
• Mathieson, Andrew (1), Nonlinear characterisation of power ultrasonic devices used in bone surgery (pdf, 17 MB), Ph.D. thesis, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, 2012
• Meyer, Erwin; Neumann, Ernst–Georg (1), Physical and Applied Acoustics, Academic Press, New York, NY, 1972, Library of Congress catalog card number 75–187239
• Miller, Irwin; Freund, John (1), Probability and Statistics for Engineers (Second Edition), Prentice‑Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1977, ISBN 0‑13‑711945‑3
• Morse, Philip M.; Ingard, K. Uno, Theoretical Acoustics, McGraw–Hill Book Company, New York, NY
• Nutek, Inc. (1), Design and Behavior of Bolted Joints (pdf), version 0602
• Oberg, Erik; Jones, Franklin D.; Horton, Holbrook L.; Ryffel, Henry H., Machinery's Handbook, 25th Edition, (Robert E. Green, Editor), Industrial Press, NY, 1996, ISBN 0–8311–2424–5
• Osgood, C. C., Fatigue Design, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1971, ISBN–13 978–0471657118
• Pilkey, Walter D., Peterson's Stress Concentration Factors, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1997, ISBN 0–471–53849–3
• Prokic, Miodrag (1), 13/Jun/2023 - temporarily disabled
• Radmanović, Milan; Mančić, Dragan, Designing and Modelling of The Power Ultrasonic Transducers, University of Niš, Faculty of Electronics, MPI (http://www.mpi-ultrasonics.com/content/mpi-publications), 2004, ISBN 86­80135­87­9
• Rayleigh (Baron), John William Strutt (1), The Theory of Sound, two volumes, Dover Publications, New York, NY, 1945, ISBN 486–60293–1
• Rice, Richard C. (editor), Fatigue Design Handbook, Second Edition, Society of Automotive Engineers, 1988, ISBN 0–89883–011–7
• Rschevkin, S. N., A Course of Lectures on The Theory of Sound, P. E. Doak (editor), Pergamon Press, New York, NY, 1963
• Schneider, George Jr., Cutting Tool Applications (pdf, 34 MB), ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073, 2002, ISBN 0615121918, 978–0615121918
• Seto, William W., (1) Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Acoustics, McGraw–Hill, New York, NY, 1971, ISBN 07–056328–4
• Shigley, Joseph Edward (1), Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw–Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1963, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 63–11855
• SPS Technologies (3), Product Engineering Report Number 4718, Fastener Seminar 1974, Jenkintown, PA 19046, Third Printing 1980
• Swanson, S. Roy (editor), Handbook of Fatigue Testing, ASTM Special Technical Publication 566, 1974
• Thompson, William T., Vibration Theory and Applications, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1965, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 64–66085
• Timoshenko, S.; Young, D. H.; Weaver Jr.,W., Vibration Problems in Engineering, Fourth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, 1974, ISBN 0–471–87315–2
• van Randeraat, J.; Setterington, R. E., Piezoelectric Ceramics - Properties and Applications (Second Edition), N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhove, The Netherlands, January 1974
• Varley, P. C., The Technology of Aluminum and Its Alloys, Newnes-Butterworths, London, 1970, ISBN–10 0408088001, ISBN–13 978–0408088008
• Vlad, Maria (1), Ultrasonic welding of aluminum: a practical study in consistency, part marking and control modes (pdf), PhD dissertation, Iowa State University, USA, 2007
• Waanders, J.  W., Piezoelectric Ceramics - Properties and Applications (pdf), N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhove, The Netherlands, April 1991.
• Wells, Joseph M.; Buck, Otto; Roth, Lewis D.; Tien, John K. (editors), Ultrasonic Fatigue, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1982, ISBN 0–89520–397–9
• Yeo, Wei Hsien Yvonne (1A), The Effect of EDM Wire Cutting on the Fatigue Properties of 4340 Steels (pdf), Masters thesis, University of Canterbury, 1999
• Young, Warren C., Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain, Sixth Edition, McGraw–Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1989, ISBN 0–07–072541–1
• Symposium on Determination of Elastic Constants (Special Technical Publication No. 129), American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), Philadelphia, PA, 1952

Articles

• ASTM G32-10, "Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus", ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
• Bansal, A; Shekhani, HN; Majzoubi, M; Hennig, E; Scholehwar, T; Uchino, K. (1), "Improving high power properties of PZT ceramics by external DC bias field" (pdf), J Am Ceram Soc. 2018;00:1–10.
• Barile, C. et al., "Mechanical characterization of orthotropic materials with speckle interferometry and numerical optimization", 9th Youth Symposium on Experimental Solid Mechanics, Trieste, Italy, July 7 ‑ 10, 2010, pp. 161 ‑ 165.
• Berlincourt, D. A.; Krueger, H. H. A. (1), "Behavior of Piezoelectric Ceramics under Various Environmental and Operational Conditions of Radiating Sonar Transducers" (pdf), Morgan Technical Publication TP‑228, Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, OH, pp. 1 - 19.
• Berlincourt, D. A.; Krueger, H. H. A.; revised by Near, C. (2), "Properties of Morgan Electro Ceramic Ceramics" (pdf), Morgan Technical Publication TP‑226, Morgan Electro Ceramics, Cleveland, OH, pp. 1 - 12.
  Important — This version appears to have been scanned by optical character recognition. Thus, some of the information (particularly in the tables) is not correct, possibly due to misalignment. For example, Table V (High Signal Properties, p.6) lists a "Maximum static compressive stress - maintained" of 12,000 psi for PZT-8 but only 1000 for PZT-4, which is much too low.
• Berlincourt, D. A.; Curran, D. R.; Jaffe, H. (3), "Piezoelectric and Piezomagnetic Materials and Their Function in Transducers", Physical Acoustics - Principles and Methods, Warren P. Mason (editor), Volume 1‑Part A, Academic Press, New York, 1964, pp. 169 ‑ 270.
• Berlincourt, D. A. (4), "Variation of electroelastic constants of polycrystalline lead titanate zirconate with thoroughness of poling", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 36, pp. 515-520, March 1964
• "BÖHLER MC90 INTERMET" (1A), (pdf), BÖHLER product brochure, pp. 1‑9
• Bordeasu, Ilare; Mitelea, Ion; Popoviciu, Mircea Octavian; Chirita, Constantin (1), "Method for Classifying Stainless Steels upon Cavitation Resistance" (pdf), Metal 2011, 18. - 20. 5. 2011, Brno, Czech Republic, EU, pp. 1‑6
• Bowen, A. W., "The Effect of Testing Direction on the Fatigue and Tensile Properties of a Ti­6Al­4V Bar" (pdf), Titanium Science and Technology, R. I. Jaffee and H. M. Burte (editors), Plenum Press, New York, 1973, pp. 1271 - 1281.
• Branson Ultrasonics, (2) "Technolog TL-3, Horn Troubleshooting" (pdf)
• Branson Ultrasonics, (3) "TL-8, Torque Wrench Kit" (pdf) [joint and stud torques]
• Branson Ultrasonics, (4) "Technolog TL-13, Acoustic Interface Washers" (pdf)
• Branson Ultrasonics, (5) "Technolog TL-18, The Advantages of 7-4 over 6-4 Titanium for Ultrasonic Tooling" (pdf)
• Branson Ultrasonics, (6) "250 - 450 Sonifier, Analog Cell Disruptor User's Manual, Rev. C (2011)" (pdf)
• Branson Ultrasonics, (7) "Ultrasonic Horn Catalog" (pdf)
• Branson Ultrasonics, (8) "Technolog TL-2, Amplitude Reference Guide" (pdf)
• Bromfield, George (1), "Surgical & Dental Transducers Suitable for Single Use Applications" (pdf), UIA Symposium, San Diego, CA, March 14, 2006
• Bromfield, George (4), "Design Limitations of Langeven Transducers with PZT8, PZT4, and PMN-PZT Stacks" (pdf), 45th UIA Symposium, Seattle, WA, April 4, 2016
• Brach, R. M., "Optimized Design: Characteristic Vibration Shapes and Resonators", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, volume 53, number 1, 1973, pp. 113 - 119
• Bregliozzi, G., et al., "Cavitation wear behaviour of austenitic stainless steels with different grain sizes", Wear, 258 (2005), pp. 503 - 510
• Butler, John L.; Rolt, Kenneth D.; Tito, Frank A. (1), "Piezoelectric ceramic mechanical and electrical stress study" (pdf), J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96 (3), September 1994, pp. 1914 - 1917
• Callcut, Vin (1), "Aluminum Bronzes_Part I - Metallurgy of Copper & Copper Alloys" (pdf), Copper Development Association, 2002 (https://www.copper.org/publications/newsletters/innovations/2002/08/aluminum1.html)
• Cardoni, Andrea; Lucas, Margaret (2), "Enhanced vibration performance of ultrasonic block horns" (pdf), 2002
• Channel Industries (1), "Estimating load power per unit volume developed by a piezoelectric high voltage generator" (pdf)
• Channel Industries (2), "The Design of Sandwich Transducer" (pdf), September 29, 1965
• Ciomber, Isabelle; Jakel, Roland (1), "Systematic Analysis and Comparison of Stress Minimizing Notch Shapes" (pdf), 6th SAXSIM, TU Chemnits, Rev. 1.0, April 1st, 2014
• Corning (1A), "MACOR Data Sheet" (pdf), Corning Inc., Lighting & Materials, Houghton Park CB-08, Corning, New York 14831
• Corning (1B), "MACOR Machining Guidance" (pdf), Corning Inc., Lighting & Materials, Houghton Park CB-08, Corning, New York 14831
• Cowper, G. R., "The Shear Coefficient in Timoshenko's Beam Theory", ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, June 1966, pp. 335 - 340
• DeAngelis, Dominick A; Schulze, Gary W. (1), "Optimizing Piezoelectric Crystal Preload in Ultrasonic Transducers", Ultrasonic Industry Association (UIA) Symposium, April 2010, pp. 1 - 9
• DeAngelis, Dominick A; Schulze, Gary W. (2), "Optimizing Piezoelectric Crystal Thickness in Ultrasonic Transducers", Kulicke & Soffa Industries, Inc.
• DeAngelis, Dominick A; Schulze, Gary W; Wong, K. S. (3), "Optimizing Piezoelectric Stack Preload Bolts in Ultrasonic Transducers" (pdf), Physics Procedia 63 2015, pp. 11 - 20 (presented at the 43rd Ultrasonic Industry Association (UIA) Symposium, 2014)
• Destefani, Jim (1), Don't Cut Threads - Form ‘Em, Manufacturing Engineering, April 2004
• Diercks, K. J.; McCormack, K.; James, D. B., "Phase Velocity of Plane Longitudinal Waves in Infinite Plates", Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, Vol 34, #12, Dec 1962, pp. 1957 - 1958
• Dukane IAS (1), "Ultrasonic Probes-Stacks — Understanding and Caring for the Heart of Your Ultrasonic System (White Paper No. 11667-C-09)" (pdf), St. Charles, IL 60174, 2010
• Dukane IAS (3), "Ultrasonic Acoustic Stack Mounting Guidelines (Application Note AN504)" (pdf), St. Charles, IL 60174, 2016
• Dukane IAS (4), Guide to Ultrasonic Plastics Assembly (pdf), St. Charles, IL 60174, 2016
• Dukane IAS (5), "Ultrasonic Staking Configurations" (pdf), St. Charles, IL 60174
• Eisner, E.; Seager, J. S. (1), "A Longitudinally Resonant Stub for Vibration of Large Amplitude", Safety in Mines Research Establishment (Ministry of Power, Central Laboratories, Red Hill, Sheffield, 3.) Research Report No. 216, October, 1963, pp. 1 - 51
• Eisner, E.; Seager, J. S. (2), "A Longitudinally Resonant Stub for Vibration of Large Amplitude", Ultrasonics, April-June, 1965, pp. 2 - 12
• Emmer, Š; Kováčik, J; Mrkvová, S. (1A), "Materials for Sonotrode Tools" (pdf), Scientific Proceedings 2013, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, STU in Bratislava, Vol. 21, 2013, pp. 44‐50, DOI: 10.2478/stu‐2013‐0008
• Fatjó, García-Atance; Hadfield, M.; Vieillard, C.; Morales, G. (1), "Early stage cavitation erosion within ceramics - An experimental investigation" (pdf)
• Fine, M. E. (1A), "Dynamic Methods for Determining the Elastic Constants and Their Temperature Variation in Metals", Symposium on Determination of Elastic Constants (Special Technical Publication No. 129), American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), Philadelphia, PA, 1952, pp. 43-57
• Foller, M.; Meyer, H. (1), "A New Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Ferro-titanit" (pdf), 6th International Tooling Conference, pp. 1373‑1389
• Garofalo, F.; Malenock, P. R.; Smith, G. V. (1), "The Influence of Temperature on the Elastic Constants of Some Commercial Steels", Symposium on Determination of Elastic Constants (Special Technical Publication No. 129), American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), Philadelphia, PA, 1952
• Gladwell, G. M. L.; Popplewell, N., (1) "The Vibration of Mechanical Resonators (I): Uniform Rings and Disks", Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1967, (6) (3), pp. 343 - 350
• Gladwell, G. M. L., (2) "The Vibration of Mechanical Resonators (II): Rings, Disks, and Rods of Arbitrary Profile", Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1967, (6) (3), pp. 351 - 364
• Graff, Karl, (1) "Very High Power Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (VHP UAM) For Advanced Materials" (pdf), pp. 82 - 89
• Grewell, David, (1) "High Power Ultrasonics" (pdf), presentation at Ultrasonic Industry Association (UIA)
• Grosskreutz, J. C., (1) "Fatigue Mechanisms in the Sub-Creep Range", Metal Fatigue Damage — Mechanism, Detection, Avoidance, and Repair, S. S. Manson (editor), ASTM Special Technical Publication 495, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1971, pp. 5 - 60.
• Güleryüz, Hasan; Atar, Erdem; Seahjani, Fared; Çimenoğlu, Hüseyin, (1) "An Overview on Surface Hardening of Titanium Alloys by Diffusion of Interstitial Atoms", Diffusion Foundations Vol. 4, 2015, pp 103-116
• Gupta, N. K.; Somani, N.; Prakash, C.; Singh, R.; Walia, A. S.; Singh, S.; Pruncu, C. I. (1), "Revealing the WEDM Process Parameters for the Machining of Pure and Heat-Treated Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) Alloy" (pdf), Materials 2021, 14, 2292, pp. 1‑15
• Han, Lei; Zhong, Jue; Gao, Gongzhi (1), "Effect of tightening torque on transducer dynamic and bond strength in wire bonding" (pdf), Sensors and Actuators A 141, 2008, pp. 695‑702
• Herrmann Ultrasonics (1), "Brochure 200701" (pdf)
• Hielscher (1), "Ultrasonic Laboratory Devices" (pdf)
• Hirose, Seiji; Aoyagi, Manabu; Tomikawa, Yoshiro; Takahashi, Sadayuki; Uchino, Kenji (1), "High power characteristics at antiresonance frequency of piezoelectric transducers" (pdf), Ultrasonics 34, pp. 213 - 217
• Høl, Paul Johan; Mølster, Anders; Gjerdet, Nils Roar (1A), "Should the galvanic combination of titanium and stainless steel surgical implants be avoided?" (pdf), International Journal of the Care of the Injured 39, 2008, pp. 161‑169
• Hosseini, Shabnam, (1) "Fatigue of Ti-6Al-4V" (pdf), Biomedical Engineering – Technical Applications in Medicine, Chapter 4, pp. 75 - 92
• Hulst, A. P., (1) "On a family of high-power transducers" (pdf), Ultrasonics International 1973 Conference Proceedings, Butterworths, Borough Green, UK (1973)
• Hutchinson, James R., "Axisymmetric Vibrations of a Free Finite-Length Rod", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Volume 51, Number 1 (Part 2), 1972, pp. 233 - 240
• Janeĉek, M.; Nový, F.; Stráský, J.; Trško, C.; Mhaede, M.; Wagner, L. (1A), "The Very High Cycle Fatigue Behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy" (pdf), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Physics of Materials (ISPMA13), Vol. 128, No. 4, 2015, pp. 497 - 502
• Kanter, Spencer (1), "Taking the Mystery Out of Screw Thread Forms" (pdf), Fasteners Magazine, Vol. 24, No. 1, 1969
• Kaspar, J. (1), "Microstructure, hardness and cavitation erosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V laser nitrided under different gas atmospheres" (pdf), Surface Engineering, Vol. 23, No 2, 2007, pp. 99 - 106
• Kim, Mi Ae; Im, Chang Seo; Park, Dong Sam, "Tip-replaceable Horn with Full Wavelength for Ultrasonic Welding" (pdf), MATEC Web of Converences 257, 02009, 2019, pp. 1 - 4
• Kleesattel, C. (1), "Torsional Resonators with Uniform Stress", Acustica, vol. 17, 1966, pp. 153 - 161
• Kleesattel, C. (2), "Uniform Stress Contours for Disk and Ring Resonators Vibrating in Axially Symmetric Radial and Torsional Modes", Acustica, vol. 20, 1968, pp. 1 - 13
• Krella, A. (1), "Cavitation Resistance of Tin Nanocrystalline Coatings with Various Thickness" (pdf), The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cavitation Group, ul. Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland, pp. 12 - 24
• Krueger, Helmut (1), "Stress Sensitivity of Piezo Ceramics: Part 1, Sensitivity to Compressive Stress Parallel to the Polar Axis" (pdf), Morgan Technical Publication TP‑242‑1, Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, OH, pp. 1 - 9
  (originally published by The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 42, No. 3, September 1967, pp. 636-645)
• Krueger, Helmut (2), "Stress Sensitivity of Piezo Ceramics: Part 2, Heat Treatment" (pdf), Morgan Technical Publication TP‑242‑2, Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, OH, pp. 1 - 6
• Krueger, Helmut (3), "Stress Sensitivity of Piezo Ceramics: Part 2, Part 3, Sensitivity to Compressive Stress Perpendicular to the Polar Axis" (pdf), Morgan Technical Publication TP‑242‑3, Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, OH, pp. 1 - 8
• Lecompte, D., et al., "Identification of Elastic Orthotropic Material Parameters Based on ESPI Measurements", SEM Annual Conference & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, 2005
• Lee, Yeon Ju, "Designing of Ultrasonic Horns to Improve Amplitude Uniformity in Ultrasonic Metal Welding" (pdf), MATEC Web of Converences 257, 02009, 2019, pp. 1 - 4
• Leighton, Timothy G., "An introduction to acoustic cavitation (Chapter 11)" (pdf), University of Southampton, 1998, pp. 199 - 223
• Lierke, Ernst G., et al., "Various Aspects of the Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and Transducers" (pdf), Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 4, October 2010, pp. 933 - 937
• Liesegang, Moritz; Yu, Yuan; Beck, Tillman; Balle, Frank (1), "Sonotrodes for Ultrasonic Welding of Titanium-CFRP Joints - Materials Selection and Design" (pdf), Journal for Manufacturing and Materials Processing, 2021, 5, 61, pp. 1 ‑ 18
• Lin, Shuyu (1), "Effect of the Matching Circuit on the Electromechanical Characteristics of Sandwiched Piezoelectric Transducers" (pdf), Sensors, 2017, 17, 329; doi:10.3390/s17020329, pp. 1 - 14
• Liu, Q., et al., "Type Ti–Nb–Zr alloys with ultra-low Young's modulus and high strength", Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, Volume 23, Issue 6, pp. 562 - 565
• Lucas, M. (1), "Redesign of Ultrasonic Block Horns for Improved Vibration Performance" (pdf), Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 119, July 1997, pp. 410 - 414
• Maennig, Wolfgang-Werner (1), "Planning and Evaluation of Fatigue Tests in Regard to Ultrasonic Frequency Tests", Joseph M. Wells et al. (editors), Ultrasonic Fatigue, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1982, ISBN 0–89520–397–9, pp. 611 - 645
• Manson, S. S., (2) "Avoidance, Control, and Repair of Fatigue Damage", Metal Fatigue Damage — Mechanism, Detection, Avoidance, and Repair, S. S. Manson (editor), ASTM Special Technical Publication 495, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1971, pp. 5 - 60.
• Marines-Garcia, Israel; Doucet, Jean-Pierre; Bathias, Claude (1), "Development of a new device to perform torsional ultrasonic fatigue testing", International Journal of Fatigue, 2007, pp. 2094–2101
• Maropis, Nicholas (1), "The Design of High-Power Ceramic Transducer Assemblies", IEEE Transactions on Sonics and Ultrasonics, Vol. SU-16, No.l 3, July 1969, pp. 132 - 1363
• Mason, Warren P.; Wehr, Jerzy (1), "Internal Friction and Ultrasonic Yield Stress of the Alloy 90 Ti 6 Al 4 V" (pdf), J. Phys. Chem. Solids 31, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. 1925 - 1933
• Mathieson, Andrew, et al. (2), "The Influence of Piezoceramic Stack Location on Nonlinear Behavior of Langevin Transducers" (pdf), IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, vol. 60, no. 6, June 2013, pp. 1126 ‑ 1133
• Matsumura, M., "Evaluation of Cavitation-Erosion Resistance of Ion-Plated Titanium Nitride Coating" (pdf), STP 1049 Environmentally Assisted Cracking: Science and Engineering (ASTM International), January, 1990, pp. 521 - 533
• McCulloch, E.; MacBeath, A.; Lucas, M. (1), "A Finite Element Model for Ultrasonic Cutting of Toffe" (pdf), Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vols. 5-6, 2006, pp. 519 ‑ 526
• "Military Specification MIL-S-8879C — Screw Threads, Controlled Radius Root with Increased Minor Diameter, General Specification For", 25 July 1991, pp. 1 - 31
• Mishra, Ajit K.; Davidson, James A.; Poggie, Robert A; Kovacs, Paul; FitzGerald, Ted J., "Mechanical and Tribological Properties and Biocompatibility of Diffusion Hardened Ti-13Nb-13Zr - A New Titanium Alloy for Surgical Implants", Medical Applications of Titanium and Its Alloys: The Material and Biological Issues ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 1996, ISBN 0–8031–2010–9, pp. 96 - 112
• Misonix (1), "Sonicator 3000 Ultrasonic Liquid Processor" (pdf)
• Morgan Technical Ceramics (3), "Morgan Technical Publication TP-217 - Preliminary Data on New Low Loss Piezoelectric Ceramic [PZT8]" (pdf)
• Morgan Technical Ceramics (4), "Morgan Technical Publication TP-220 - Effects of High Static Stress on the Piezoelectric Properties of Transducer Materials" (pdf)
• Morgan Technical Ceramics (5), "Morgan Technical Publication TP-221 - Power Capacities of Piezoelectric Ceramics in Sonar-Type Acoustic Transducers" (pdf)
• Mori, E.; Itoh, K.; Imanuza, A. (1), "Analysis of a Short Column Vibrator by Apparent Elasticity Method and its Application", Ultrasonics International, 1977, Conference Proceedings, IPC Science and Technology Press, Surrey, England, 1977, pp. 262 - 266
• Morrissey, Ryan (1), "Fatigue strength of Ti-6Al-4V at very long lives"
• Mower, Todd M. (1), "Degradation of titanium 6Al-4V fatigue strength due to electrical discharge machining" (pdf), International Journal of Fatigue 64, 2014, pp. 84 - 96
• Mukherjee, B.; Burns, E. J. (1), "Regression Models for the Effect of Stress Ratio on Fatigue-Crack Growth Rate", Probabilistic Aspects of Fatigue, Robert A. Heller (symposium chairman), ASTM Special Technical Publication 511, 1972, pp. 43 - 60
• Neppiras, E. A. (1A), "Very High Energy Ultrasonics", British Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 11, April 1960, pp. 143 - 150
• Neppiras, E. A. (1B), "Techniques and Equipment for Fatigue Testing at Very High Frequencies", Proc. ASTM, vol. 59, 1959, pp. 691 - 710
• Neppiras, E. A. (1C), "The pre-stressed piezoelectric sandwich transducer" (pdf), Ultrasonics International 1973 Conference Proceedings, pp. 295 - 302
• Niinomi, M.; Nakai, M. (1A), "Titanium-Based Biomaterials for Preventing Stress Shielding between Implant Devices and Bone", International Journal of Biomaterials, Volume 2011, Article ID 836587, 2011
• Niinomi, M. et al. (1B), "Super Elastic Functional β Titanium Alloy with Low Young's Modulus for Biomedical Applications", [re. Ti‑29Nb‑13Ta‑4.6Zr] Journal of ASTM International, Volume 2, Issue 6 (June 2005)
• O'Shea, K. (1), "Enhanced Vibration Control of Ultrasonic Tooling Using Finite Element Analysis", 1991 ASME Design Technical Conferences - 13th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, September 22-25, 1991, pp. 259 - 265
• Patsonics (1), Routine Ultrasonic Plastic Welder Maintenance
• Perkins, J. P., "Power Ultrasonic Equipment - Practice and Application" (pdf), Sonic Systems Ltd, Bakers Farm Barns, Puckington, Ilminster, Somerset,TA19 9JA, UK
• Peshkovsky, Sergei L; Peshkovsky, Alexey S. (1), "Matching a transducer to water at cavitation: Acoustic horn design principles", Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 14, 2007, pp. 314 - 322
• Peshkovsky, Sergei L; Peshkovsky, Alexey S. (2), "Shock-wave model of acoustic cavitation", Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 15, 2008, pp. 618 - 628
• Piazza, Timothy (1), "The Ideal Ultrasonic Parameters for Delicate Parts Cleaning" (pdf), Blackstone~Ney Ultrasonics
• Piezo Technologies (1), "An Overview of the Properties of Different Piezoceramic Materials" (pdf)
• Piezo Technologies (2), "Useage Temperatures of Piezoceramic Materials" (pdf)
• Pramanik, A.; Basak, A. K.; Littlefair G.; Debnath S.; Prakash, C.; Singh, Meinam Annebushan; Marla, Deepak; Singh, Ramesh Kuman (1), "Methods and variables in Electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy - A review" (pdf), Helion 6 (2020), e05554, 2020, pp. 1‑15
• Puskar, A. (1), "Cyclic stress-strain curves and internal friction of steel at ultrasonic frequencies'" (pdf), Ultrasonics, vol. 20, no. 3, May 1982, pp. 118 ‑ 122
• Puskas, William; Piazza, Timothy (1), "Designer Waveforms: Ultrasonic Technologies to Improve Cleaning and Eliminate Damage" (pdf), Blackstone~Ney Ultrasonics, pp. 1 ‑ 9
• Qsonica (1), "Q700 / Q500 Accessories" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Rao, Pujari; Ramji, Koona; Satyanarayana, Beela (1), "Effect of wire EDM conditions on generation of residual stresses in machining of aluminum 2014 T6 alloy" (pdf), Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2016, pp. 1‑8
• Raso, Javier; Mañas, Pilar; Pagán, Rafael; Sala, Francisco J. (1), "Influence of different factors on the output power transferred into medium by ultrasound", Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 5, 1999, pp. 157–162
• Richardson, Ivan (1), "Guide to Nickel Aluminium Bronze for Engineers" (pdf), Copper Development Association Publication No 222, 2016
• Sağlam, H., "Performance of Internal Thread Rolling Head and the Mechanical Properties of Rolled Thread" (pdf), 6th International Advanced Technologies Symposium (IATS’11), 16-18 May 2011, Elazığ, Turkey
• Sanders, T. H.; Staley, J. T. (1), "Review of Fatigue and Fracture Research on High­Strength Aluminum Alloys", Fatigue and Microstructure, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, 1979
• Seif, Mina; Main, Joseph; Weigand, Jonathan; Sadek, Fahim; Choe, Lisa; Zhang, Chao; Gross, John; Luecke, William; McColskey, David (1), "Temperature-Dependent Material Modeling for Structural Steels: Formulation and Application (NIST Technical Note 1907)" (pdf), National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, 2016
• Serhan, Hassan; Slivka, Michael; Albert, Todd; Kwak, A. Daniel (1A), "Is galvanic corrosion between titanium alloy and stainless steel spinal implants a clinical concern?" (pdf), The Spine Journal 4, 2004, pp. 379‑387
• Shuyu, Lin, "Acoustic Field of Flexural Circular Plates for Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Transducers", Acustica - acta acustica, vol. 86, 2000, pp. 388 - 391
• Simões, Daniel de Albuquerque; de Castro, Jaime Tupiassú Pinho; Meggiolaro, Marco Antonio (1), "Improved Fatigue Test Specimens with Minimum Stress Concentration Effects" (pdf), 67th ABM International Congress 2012, Rio de Janerio, Brazil, ISSN 1516–392X, pp. 1911–1923
• Smith, Daniel, "Increasing the Durability of Ultrasonic Welding Tooling' (thesis proposal)" (pdf), Clarkson University, 2011
• Sokolowski, Witold; Cheng, Isieh; O'Donnell, Tim, "New HP (High Purity) Invar 36" (pdf), Mechanical Systems Engineering and Research Division, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (1), "Cavitation Erosion Of Ultrasonic Probes" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (2), "Model 1098 press (20 khz)" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (3), "Ultrasonic Processors For Small And Medium Volume Applications" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (4), "High Intensity Ultrasonic Processor" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (5), "Ultrasonic Staking and Spot Welding of Thermoplastic Assemblies" (pdf), 53 Church Hill Road, Newtown, CT 06470-1614 USA
• Sonobond Ultrasonics (1), "A Comparison of Wedge-Reed and Lateral Drive Ultrasonic Welding Systems" (pdf), 1191 McDermott Drive, West Chester, PA 19380 USA
• Stanasel, Iulian (1), "Design and FEM Simulation of Ultrasonic Welding Horn" (pdf), Nonconventional Technologies Review, Romania, March, 2014, pp. 51 - 55
• Stapla Ultrasonics (1), Manual - Ultrasonic Seam Welding Unit, Rev. B
• Stapla Ultrasonics (2), Manual - Tube Sealer II, Rev. E
• Stittsworth, D. E. (1), "Ultrasonic Welding of Electrical Terminations" (pdf), Bendix, Kansas City Division, 1973, pp. 1 - 31, doi:10.2172/4306988,
• Thurston, R. N. (1), "Elastic Waves in Rods and Clad Rods", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Volume 64, Number 1, July 1978, pp. 1 - 37
• Tomlinson, W. J.; Moule, R. T.; Blount, G. N., (1) "The effect of shot peening on the cavitation erosion of pure iron and austenitic stainless steel in distilled and 1% salt waters" (pdf), Wear, 118 (1987) pp. 233 - 242
• Uchino, Kenji; Hirose, Seiji, "Loss Mechanisms in Piezoelectrics: How to Measure Different Losses Separately" (pdf), IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, Vol. 48, No. 1, January 2001
• Watanabe, Yuji (1), "Design and fabrication of a short column type power accumulator" (pdf), 13^th International Congress on Acoustics, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1989, pp. 452 - 454
• Webster, Don A.; Blackstock, David T., "Finite-amplitude saturation of plane sound waves in air", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, volume 62, number 3, September 1977, pp. 518 - 523
• Weiss, B.; Stickler, R.; Schider, S.; Schmidt, H. (1), "Corrosion Fatigue Testing of Implant Materials (Nb, Ta, stainless steel) at Ultrasonic Frequencies", Ultrasonic Fatigue, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1982, ISBN 0–89520–397–9, pp. 387 - 411
• Willertz, L. E.; Rust, T. M.; Swaminathan, V. P. (1), "High and Low Frequency Corrosion Fatigue of Some Steam Turbine Blade Alloys", Ultrasonic Fatigue, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1982, ISBN 0–89520–397–9, pp. 333 - 348
• Wood, W. A; MacDonald, D. E. (1), "Metal fatigue at ultrasonic frequency", Proc. 1st Int. Symp. High-Power Ultrasonics, pp. 50 ..
• Woollett, R. S. (1), "Transducer Comparison Methods Based on the Electromechanical Coupling-Coefficient Concept", IRE National Convention, 1957, pp. 23 ‑ 27
• Woollett, Ralph S. (2), "Theoretical Power Limits of Sonar Transducers" (pdf), U. S. Navy Underwater Sound Laboratory, New London, CT
• Wuchinich, David (1), "A Practical Evaluation of Elastic Power Loss in Harmonically Strained Structures", Oral presentation to Ultrasonic Industry Association Meeting, King of Prussia, PA, May 15, 1998
• Wuchinich, David (2), "The Acoustic Performance Of Selected Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steels And Heat-Treated Titanium Under Substantial Dynamic Stress At Ultrasonic Frequencies", Modal Mechanics, Yonkers, NY, 2002
• Wuchinich, David (3), "Acoustic Loss at Substantial Ultrasonic Strain in 6Al–6V–2Sn and sintered 6Al–4V Titanium", Modal Mechanics, Yonkers, NY, 2004
• Wuchinich, David (4), "Acoustic properties of selected high strength thermosetting plastic composites at ultrasonic frequencies", Physics Procedia 63 2015, pp. 208 ‑216 (Presented at the 43^rd Annual Symposium of the Ultrasonic Industry Association, 2014)
• Wuchinich, David (5), "FEA Assisted Measurement of Young's Modulus and Poisson's Constant in Stout Horn Blanks", Modal Mechanics, Yonkers, NY, 2002
• Yen, C. S.; Dolan, T. J (1), "A Critical Review of the Criteria for Notch-Sensitivity in Fatigue of Metals" (pdf), University of Illinois Bulletin 398, Vol. 49, No. 53, 1952
• Youn, T. K.; Amanov, A.; Cho, I. S.; Lee, C. S.; Park, I. G. (1), "Effects of ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification on the high-frequency fretting wear of CP titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy", Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC), IEEE, 2011
• Young, Stanley G., "Cavitation Damage of Stainless Steel, Nickel, and an Aluminum Alloy in Water for Round Robin Tests", NASA TM X-1670 (Lewis Research Center), 1968
• Zakrzewska, D. E.; Krella, A. K. (1), "Cavitation Erosion Resistance Influence of Material Properties" (pdf), Advances in Materials Science, vol. 19, No. 4 (62), December 2019, pp. 18 - 34
• Zemanek Jr., Joseph (1A), "An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Elastic Wave Propagation in a Cylinder", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 51, no. 1 (Part 2), 1972. pp. 265 - 283
• Zemanek Jr., Joseph (1B), "Beam Behavior within the Nearfield of a Vibrating Piston", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 49, no. 1 (Part 2), 1971, pp. 181 - 191
• Zemanek Jr., Joseph; Rudnick, Isadore (1C), "Attenuation and Dispersion of Elastic Waves in a Cylindrical Bar", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 33, no. 10, October 1961, pp. 181 - 191
• Zhao, Jingtao; Zhu, Junjia; Li, Yinglong (1), "Investigation on Ultrasonic Cavitation Erosion Behaviors of Al and Al-5Ti Alloys in the Distilled Water" (pdf), Metals 2020, 10, 1631, 2020

Patents

Power supplies and circuits

• Roberts, Allan (2) "Ultrasonic Apparatus", U.S. Patent 5,828,156 (pdf), 1998‑10‑27, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp., Danbury, CT
• Sheehan, James F. (2), "Ultrasonic Welder with High-Q Tool", U.S. Patent 2006/0144906 A1 (pdf), 2006‑07‑06

Transducers

• Branson, Norman G.; Woods, Renovah, "Ultrasonic Transducer", U.S. Patent 3,066,232 (pdf), 1962‑11‑27, assigned to Branson Instruments
• Bromfield, George (2), "Ultrasonic Transducer Devices and Methods of Manufacture", U.S. Patent 2007/0063618 A1 (pdf), 2007‑03‑22, assigned to PiezoInnovations, Salt Lake City, UT
• Bromfield, George (3), "Ultrasonic Transducer Devices and Methods of Manufacture", European patent EP1908130A2 (pdf), 2007‑02‑01, assigned to PiezoInnovations, Salt Lake City, UT
• Culp, Donald (1), "Means for Improving Transducer Performance by Using a Modified Tail Mass", Disclosure (pdf), 1991
• DeAngelis, Dominick; Eder, James (4), "Integrated Flexure Mount Scheme For Dynamic Isolation of Ultrasonic Transducers", U.S. patent 7,137,543 B2 (pdf), 2006-11-01, assigned to Kulicke & Soffa Industries, Fort Washington, PA
• DeCastro, Eugene (1), "Ultrasonic transducer assembly having a cobalt-base alloy housing", U.S. patent 6,150,753 (pdf), 2000-11-21, assigned to Cae Blackstone, Jamestown, NY
• Harwood, Philip (1), "Ultrasonic Transducer Assembly using Crush Foils", US patent 5798599 (pdf), 1998-08-25, assigned to Dukane Corporation, St. Charles, IL
• Johnson, Benjaman; Cao, Zhaoxin; Bernhardt, Brian; Marathe, Kaustubh; Phaneuf, Gregory; Puskas, William, "Low Loss Ultrasound Transducers", U.S. Patent 2007/0080609 A1 (pdf), 2007‑04‑12, assigned to Cleaning Technology Group
• Jones, James Byron; Maropis, Nicholas (1), "Transducer Assembly", U.S. Patent 3,283,182 (pdf), 1966‑11‑01, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Jones, James Byron; De Prisco, Carmine; Mills, Glen; Maropis, Nicholas (2), "Vibrator Device for Delivering Vibratory Energy at High Power", U.S. patent 3,148,293 (pdf), 1964‑08‑08, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Jones, James Byron; De Prisco, Carmine; Mills, Glen; Weismantel, Elmer (3), "Apparatus for Introducing High Levels of Vibratory Energy to a Work Area", U.S. patent 3,039,333 (pdf), 1962‑06‑19, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Langevin, P. , French Patents 502913, 1920; 505713, 1920; 575435, 1924
• Massa, Frank (1), "High-power underwater transducer with improved performance and reliability characteristics and method for controlling said improved characteristics", U.S. Patent 4,231,112 (pdf), 1980‑10‑28
• Massa, John; Simon, William (1), "Ultrasonic Welding Device with Dual Converters", U.S. Patent 10,052,714 B2 (pdf), 2018‑08‑21, assigned to Sonics & Materials
• Roberts, Allan; Sheehan, James (1), "Electroacoustic Converter", U.S. Patent 6,434,244‑B1 (pdf), 2002‑08‑13, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp., Danbury, CT
• Roberts, Allan (3), "Ultrasonic Apparatus", U.S. Patent 6,078,125 (pdf), 2000‑06‑20, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp., Danbury, CT
• Scarpa, Thomas (1), "Electroacoustic Sandwich Transducers", U.S. Patent 3,140,859A (pdf), 2002‑08‑13, assigned to International Ultrasonics Corp., Cramford, NJ
• Shoh, Andrew (1), "Sonic Transducer", U.S. Patent 3,524,085 (pdf), 1970‑08‑11, assigned to Branson Instruments Inc., Stamford, CT
• Williams, David (1), "Ultrasonic Transducer with Half-Wave Separator ...", U.S. Patent 3,689,783 (pdf), 1972‑09‑05, assigned to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, NY

Boosters & mounts

• Coenen, Joseph, (1) "Rebuildable Support Assembly", U.S. Patent 4,647,336 (pdf), 1987‑03‑03, assigned to Kimberly-Clark Corp, Neenah, WI
• Cunningham, Patrick M., (1) "Mounting Means for Vibration Member", U.S. Patent 5,443,240 (pdf), 1995‑08‑22, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Cunningham, Patrick M. (2), "Mounting Means and Method for Vibration Member", U.S. Patent 5,590,866 (pdf), 1997‑01‑07, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Elmore, William C. (1), "Support for Vibratory Devices", U.S. Patent 2,891,178A (pdf), 1959‑06‑16, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Patrikios, Michael (1), "Ultrasonic Welder with Dynamic Nodal Horn Support", U.S. Patent 5,772,100 (pdf), 1998‑06‑30, assigned to American Technology, Shelton, CT
• Patrikios, Michael; Rushton, Andrew (2), "Ultrasonic Welding Device", U.S. Patent 8,113,258 B2 (pdf), 2012‑12‑14, assigned to Sonics & Materials, Newtown, CT
• Shoh, Andrew (3), "Vibratory Seam Welding Apparatus", U.S. Patent 3,955,740 (pdf), 1976‑05‑11, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics, New Canaan, CT

Horns

• Davis, Paul H. (1), "Ultrasonic Rigid Horn Assembly", U.S. Patent 3780926 (pdf), 1973‑12‑25, assigned to Dukane Corp., St. Charles, IL
• Davis, Paul H. (2), "Ultra-Sonic Horn", U.S. patent 4,131,505 (pdf), 1978‑12‑26, assigned to Dukane Corp., St. Charles, IL
• Ehlert, Thomas; Bromfield, George; McNichols, Patrick; Stegelmann, Norman (1), "Amplifying Ultrasonic Waveguides", U.S. Patent 8459122B2 (pdf), 2013‑06‑13, assigned to Kimberly-Clark, Neenah, WI
• Elbert, Lawrence E.; Irwin, Charles S. (1), "Ultrasonic Horn Assembly", U.S. Patent 4,607,185 (pdf), 1986‑08‑19, assigned to American Hospital Supply Corp., Evanston, IL
• Goldman, Herbert (1), "Apparatus for Vibration Welding of Material", U.S. U.S. Patent 4,146,416 (pdf), 1979‑03‑27, assigned to Crompton & Knowles, Parsippany, NJ
• Graff, Karl; Benedict, Cameron; Wenning, Justice (2), "Sonotrode Apparatus for Use in Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing", U.S. Patent 9,346,120B1 (pdf), 2016‑05‑24, assigned to Edison Welding Institute, Columbus, OH
• Gunnerman, Rudolf (1), "Corrosion Resistant Ultrasonic Horn", U.S. Patent 6,652,992 B1 (pdf), 2003‑11‑25, assigned to SulphCo, Inc., Sparks, NV
• Gunnerman, Rudolf (2), "High-Power Ultrasonic Horn", U.S. Patent 20060196915A1 A1 (pdf), 2006‑09‑07, assigned to SulphCo, Inc., Sparks, NV
• Harris, Everett A.; Jugler, John (1), "Resonator Exhibiting Uniform Motional Output", U.S. Patent 4,651,043 (pdf), 1987‑03‑17, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Harris, Everett A. (2), "High Frequency Resonator for Welding Material", U.S. Patent 4,786,356 (pdf), 1988‑11‑22, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Herrmann, Walter (2), "Device for the ultrasonic machining of a workpiece", European patent EP 0 711 626 B1 (pdf), 1998‑07‑08, assigned to Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH, Germany
• Holze Jr., Ernest P.; Culp, Donald R. (1), "Replaceable Welding Tip for Vibratory Welding Apparatus", U.S. Patent 3,813,006 (pdf), 1974‑05‑28, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, New Canaan, CT
• Holze Jr., Ernest P. (2), "Ultrasonic Resonator (Horn) with Skewed Slots", U.S. Patent 4,315,181 (pdf), 1982‑02‑09, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Stamford, CT
• Holze Jr., Ernest P. (3), "Resonator Exhibiting Uniform Motional Output", U.S. Patent 4,363,992, 1982‑12‑14, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Newtown, CT
• Jones, James Byron (3), "Transducer Coupling System", U.S. Patent 3,209,447 (pdf), 1965‑10‑059, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Klein, Kevin J. (1), "Manufacture of High Frequency Horns", U.S. Patent 5,095,188 (pdf), 1992‑03‑10, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Maropis, Nicholas (2), "Method and Apparatus for Delivering Ultrasonic Energy", U.S. Patent 3,184,842 (pdf), 1965‑05‑25, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• Scotto, Jean-Pierre (1), "Perfectionnement aux appareils pour la production d'ultrasons" [Improvement to devices for production of ultrasound], French Patent 2.203.295, 1974
• Scotto, Jean-Pierre (2), "Ultrasonic Welding Tools", U.S. Patent 4,582,239 (pdf), 1986‑04‑15, assigned to Mecasonic, Annemasse, France
• Scotto, Jean-Pierre (3), "Perfectionnement apportes a la fabrication des sonotrodes ultrasoniques" [Improvement in the manufacture of ultrasonic sonotrodes], French patent 2.547.225, 1984‑12‑14, assigned to Mecasonic, Annemasse, France
• Scotto, Jean-Pierre (4), "Ultraschall-Sonotrode" [Ultrasonic sonotrode], German patent 3328614A1, 1984‑12‑13, assigned to Mecasonic, Annemasse, France
• Sheehan, James F.; Mainolfi, Sylvio J. (1), "Symmetric Ultrasonic Rotary Horn", U.S. Patent 6,457,626 (pdf), 2002‑10‑01, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Shoh, Andrew (2), "Vibratory Welding Apparatus", U.S. Patent 3,752,380 (pdf), 1973‑08‑14, assigned to Branson Instruments, Stamford, CT
• Vieira, Frank (1), "Ultrasonic Steel Horn for Tire Cutting and Method of Manufacturing", U.S. Patent 20150007704A1 (pdf), 2015‑01‑08, assigned to Branson Ultrasonics Corp, Danbury, CT
• Wuchinich, David G. (4), "Vibration Apparatus Preferably for Endoscopic Ultrasonic Aspirator", U.S. Patent 4,750,488 (pdf), 1988‑06‑14

Applications/Methods

• Jones, James Byron; Elmore, William; De Prisco, Carmine; (4), "Method and Apparatus Employing Vibratory Energy for Bonding Metals", U.S. Patent 2,946,119 (pdf), 1960‑07‑26, assigned to Aeroprojects Inc., West Chester, PA
• White, Dawn (1), "Object Consolidation Employing Friction Joining", U.S. Patent 6,457,629 B1 (pdf), 2002‑08‑14, assigned to Solidica, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
• White, Dawn (2), "Object Consolidation through Sequential Material Deposition", U.S. Patent 6,814,823 B1 (pdf), 2004‑11‑09, assigned to Solidica, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI

Other

Haswell, Walter T; Kasak, August (1), "Powder-Metallurgy Steel Article with High Vanadium-Carbide Content", U.S. Patent 4,249,945 (pdf), 1981‑02‑10, assigned to Crucible, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA

Stegelmann, Norman (1), "Ultrasonic Horn Assembly Stack Component Connector", U.S. Patent 6,841,921 B2 (pdf), 2005‑01‑11, assigned to Kimberly-Clark Corp, Neenah, WI

Materials

• Allegheny Ludlum, "AL_6XN_sourcebook" (pdf)
• ASTM (1), Subcommittee F04.12 on Metallurgical Materials
• AZoM (1), "M2 Molybdenum High Speed Tool Steel" (pdf)
• Carpenter (1), "Ti-6Al-4V Technical Data Sheet" (pdf)
• Conway, J. B. (1), "Properties of Some Refractory Metals. III. Thermal Expansion Characteristics of Tungsten, Rhenium, Tantalum, Molybdenum, Niobium, W-25Re, Ta-10w, and Mo-50Re" (pdf)
• Dow Corning (1), "Dow Corning 4 Electrical Insulating Compound" (pdf)
• Magnesium Elektron (1), "Elektron 43 Extruded Products" (pdf)
• Morgan Technical Ceramics (1), "PZT400 Series Data Sheet" (pdf)
• Morgan Technical Ceramics (2), "PZT800 Series Data Sheet" (pdf)
• Plansee, "Densimet/Inermet (tungsten alloys)" (pdf)
• Rhenium Alloys (1)
• Speciality Steel Industry of North America (SSINA), "Stainless Steel for Machining - Designer Handbook" (pdf)
• TIMET (Titanium Metals Corporation) (1), "Properties and Processing of Ti-6Al-4V" (pdf)
• Union Carbide, "UCAR® D-Gun™ Coatings can improve wear life on ultrasonic welding horns and tips" (pdf), Union Carbide Coatings Service Corporation, 1989 (Note: in 1999 Union Carbide became a wholly owned subsidiary of Dow Chemical.)

General design information

• APC International, Ultrasonic power transducers
• Emuge Corp., (1) "InnoForm Cold-forming Taps" (pdf)
• Parker Hannifin Corp., "Parker O–Ring Handbook (50th Anniversary Edition)" (pdf)
• Parker Hannifin Corp., Chomerics Div., "Conductive Elastomer Engineering Handbook", (pdf)
• Unbrako, Engineering Guide — Socket Products (pdf), [Fasteners] 2008
• Vernitron Corporation (division of Morgan Matroc), "Guide to modern piezoelectric ceramics"
• Vernitron Corporation (division of Morgan Matroc), "Piezoelectric technology data for designers"

Health

Canadaian Government, Environmental Health Directorate (1), "Guidelines for the Safe Use of Ultrasound, Part II - Industrial & Commercial Applications - Safety Code 24" (pdf), ISBN 0-660-13741-0, 1991

Dukane IAS (6), "Effects of Ultrasonics on Health" (pdf), St. Charles, IL 60174

Unpublished communications

• Culp, Donald R. (0), retired at Krell Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21228
• Maropis, Nicholas (0), Maropis Technical Enterprises, Inc., Baden, PA 15005
• Prokic, Miodrag (0), MPI Ultrasonics, Marais 36, 2400 Le Locle, Switzerland
• Wuchinich, David R. (0), Modal Mechanics, Yonkers, NY 10705

Manufacturers and suppliers

Ultrasonic equipment

• Branson Ultrasonics (1)
• Herrmann Ultraschalltechnic (Global) or Herrmann Ultrasonics (USA) (0)
• Sonics (a.k.a. Sonics & Materials) (0)
• Sonobond Ultrasonics (0)
• Tributek (0)

Materials

Piezoelectric ceramics

• DeL Piezo Specialties
• Morgan Technical Ceramics

Steel

• Crucible Industries

Titanium

• President Titanium
• TIMET (Titanium Metals Corporation)

Other

• Corning Incorporated — MACORr^® machinable ceramic
• Materion Corp. — AlBeMet^® (62% Be, 38% Al)
• Parker Hannifin Corp. — O–rings

Coatings

• Praxair S.T. Technology Inc. — D-Gun™

Instrumentation

Amplitude

• Kaman Precision Products — Kaman eddy current
• MTI Instruments — Fotonic™ Sensor

Power (wattmeters)

• Clarke-Hess

Parts and supplies

• Loctite^® (1), "243 Technical Data Sheet" (pdf)
• Loctite^® (2), "290 Technical Data Sheet" (pdf)
• Spirol Corporation — Spirol® pins (pdf)
• SPS Technologies (1), "TITAN Titanium Fasteners" (pdf), 301 Highland Avenue, Jenkintown, PA 19046
• SPS Technologies (2), "TITAN Titanium Fasteners for High Performance Racing" (pdf), 301 Highland Avenue, Jenkintown, PA 19046
• Unbrako — Socket screws

Note — Companies that are mentioned above are related to topics on this site. Such mention does not imply endorsement.